Phrases Vs Clauses
Phrase = वाक्यांश
Clause = उपवाक्य
·
A phrase and a clause are
different.
A phrase and a clause are
different.
·
A
phrase is a group of words without a subject-verb unit. (Matlab subect
aur verb ek sath nahi honge, subject hoga to verb nahi aur verb hoga to subject
nahi.)
A
phrase is a group of words without a subject-verb unit. (Matlab subect
aur verb ek sath nahi honge, subject hoga to verb nahi aur verb hoga to subject
nahi.)
·
A
clause is a group of words with a subject-verb unit (Marlab subject
bhi hoga aur verb bhi hoga).
A
clause is a group of words with a subject-verb unit (Marlab subject
bhi hoga aur verb bhi hoga).
For
Example:
Example:
§ After dinner, we ate ice cream. (phrase)
§ After we finished dinner, we
ate ice cream. (clause)
ate ice cream. (clause)
Types Of Phrases
There are many types of
Phrases:
Noun Phrases, Verb Phrases, Adjective
Phrases, Adverbial
Phrases, Prepositional
Phrases, Gerund Phrases, Infinitive Phrases, Participle
Phrases, Absolute Phrases and
Appositive Phrases.
What is a clause?
A Clause is a group of words that has both a
subject and a predicate. (Remember:
A clause must contain a verb.)
subject and a predicate. (Remember:
A clause must contain a verb.)
There are two main types of clauses:
1. Independent clause (main clause)
2. Dependent clause (subordinate clause)
Independent clause:
An independent clause contains a subject and a
verb and makes sense by itself. It expresses a complete thought.
verb and makes sense by itself. It expresses a complete thought.
Tip 1: Every time when you write a simple sentence, you write a
clause. So, this is known as
a simple sentence.
clause. So, this is known as
a simple sentence.
For example:
§ The wind blows. (One
independent clause)
independent clause)
§ I teach. (One independent clause)
§ I like tea, and Meera likes coffee. (Two independent clauses)
Tip 2: Coordinating
conjunctions [and, but, or, nor, for, so, and yet (FANBOYS)] don't count as part of
the clause.
conjunctions [and, but, or, nor, for, so, and yet (FANBOYS)] don't count as part of
the clause.
Dependent clause:
A clause that cannot stand alone. It does not make
sense by itself. It depends on the independent clause to make sense. (It
is a “dependent.”) It does not express a
complete thought.
sense by itself. It depends on the independent clause to make sense. (It
is a “dependent.”) It does not express a
complete thought.
§ Rohan left in a hurry after he got a phone call.
Ø After he got a phone call. (dependent
clause) (After is a subordinating conjunction.)
clause) (After is a subordinating conjunction.)
Ø He got a phone call. (Without
the conjunction, the clause becomes independent.)
the conjunction, the clause becomes independent.)
There are three types of dependent clause:
1. noun clauses,
2. relative clauses (also called
adjective clauses), and
adjective clauses), and
3.
adverbial
clauses.
adverbial
clauses.
Tip 3: A dependent clause
usually begins with a subordinating conjunction (As, because, since, so that,
after, as long as etc.) or a relative
pronoun (that, which, who, whom, whose).
usually begins with a subordinating conjunction (As, because, since, so that,
after, as long as etc.) or a relative
pronoun (that, which, who, whom, whose).
- Whenever I travel (Dependent Clause)
- Whom she met
on the train (Dependent Clause)
It
depends on the independent clause to make sense.
depends on the independent clause to make sense.
§ Whenever I travel, I like to meet new people.
§ She was busy talking with a woman whom she met on
the train.
the train.
Tip 4: Dependent clause can
come before, after or in the middle of the independent clause.
come before, after or in the middle of the independent clause.
§ Whenever
I travel, I like to meet new
people.
I travel, I like to meet new
people.
§ She was busy talking with a woman whom she met on the train.
- Yoga, which a lot of people practise, is a good form of exercise.
§ Have you seen the book I lost? (Have
you seen the book [that] I lost?)
you seen the book [that] I lost?)
- We missed our train because we were late.
Tip 5: Coordinating conjunctions have a comma (,) before them when they join two independent
clauses.
clauses.
For example:
§ I want to work, but I don’t want to go to office.
Tip 6: when we place the subordinate conjunction in the
middle of the sentence, we don’t use a comma. On the other hand, when we
place the subordinating conjunction at the beginning of the sentence, we use a
comma.
middle of the sentence, we don’t use a comma. On the other hand, when we
place the subordinating conjunction at the beginning of the sentence, we use a
comma.
For example:
§ I went to the store since we were out of sugar.
§ Since we were out of sugar,
I went to the store.
I went to the store.
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